(E) | 1. |
關於胸腺瘤(thymoma)的描述,下列何者為非?
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A. | 約90%的thymoma發生於前縱膈腔(anterior mediastinum) |
B. | 約40%的thymoma病人另合併一個全身性的自體免疫疾病(systemic autoimmune illness) |
C. | 約30%的thymoma病人合併重症肌無力症(myasthenia gravis) |
D. | 約5-8%的thymoma病人合併pure red cell aplasia |
E. | 約5%的thymoma病人合併hypergammaglobulinemia |
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(C) | 2. |
以人類乳突病毒(human papilloma virus, HPV)疫苗注射,可以預防至少約70%的人類子宮頸癌(cervical cancer)。所謂HPV bivalent疫苗,主要cover HPV的若干strains以預防子宮頸癌?
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A. | HPV strains 6, 11 |
B. | HPV strains 11, 16 |
C. | HPV strains 16, 18 |
D. | HPV strains 6, 18 |
E. | HPV strains 6, 11, 16, 18 |
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(D) | 3. |
根據乳癌的基因表現圖譜(gene expression profiling)為五個次群組(subclassification),分別有不同的臨床預後與治療選項。下列次群組何者屬於所謂「三陰性」(triple negative)乳癌?
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A. | Luminal A |
B. | Luminal B |
C. | HER2 amplified |
D. | Basal |
E. | Normal breast-like |
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(B) | 4. |
下列胃的惡性腫瘤中,何者與幽門螺旋桿菌(H. pylori, HP)密切相關,而且使用幽門螺旋桿菌(HP)廓清療法後至少超過半數(約50%至75%)的癌症可達到持續性緩解(durable remission)?
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A. | Gastric adenocarcinomas |
B. | Gastric MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphomas |
C. | Gastric leiomyosarcomas |
D. | Gastric GISTs (gastrointestinal stromal tumors) |
E. | Gastric NETs (neuroendocrine tumors) |
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(D) | 5. |
胃腸道有多類具遺傳性的多發瘜肉症候群(hereditable polyposis syndrome)。其中有一類syndrome,病人常合併黏膜皮膚之色素沈著症(mucocutaneous pigmentation),其瘜肉的組織病理學顯示為hamartoma,而非較常見的腺瘤(adenoma),瘜肉可分布於小腸、大腸或胃。以下何類syndrome符合?
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A. | Lynch syndrome |
B. | Gardner's syndrome |
C. | Turcot's syndrome |
D. | Peutz-Jeghers syndrome |
E. | Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) |
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(B) | 6. |
攝護腺癌(prostate cancer)化學預防(chemoprevention)的大型第三期臨床試驗的結果,下列何者已顯示最可以降低攝護腺癌的盛行率(prevalence)?
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A. | 硒 (selenium) |
B. | 睪固酮之5α-還原酵素抑制劑 (5α-reductase inhibitor, 5ARI, of testosterone) |
C. | 維生素 E |
D. | 維生素 A |
E. | 維生素 C |
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(A) | 7. |
生殖細胞瘤(germ cell tumor)分為精原細胞瘤(seminoma)與非精原細胞瘤(nonseminoma)兩大類組成分。下列何種腫瘤標記之上升,僅會發生於具有非精原細胞瘤(nonseminoma)組成之生殖細胞瘤?
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A. | AFP (α-fetoprotein) |
B. | hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) |
C. | LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) |
D. | ALP (alkaline phosphatase) |
E. | ALT (alanine transaminase) |
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(D) | 8. |
針對原發部位不明之轉移癌(carcinoma of unknown primary,CUP),主要病理組織型態區分為五大類,哪一大類最為常見?
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A. | squamous cell cancer |
B. | neuroendocrine |
C. | poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma,poorly differentiated carcinoma |
D. | well to moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma |
E. | undifferentiated malignancy |
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(D) | 9. |
肝細胞癌(肝癌)的腫瘤關聯症候群(paraneoplastic syndrome),可能包括下列哪些症候? (1)紅血球細胞數目增多症(erythrocytosis) (2)高血鈣症(hypercalcemia) (3)高血糖症(hyperglycemia) (4)高膽固醇血症(hypercholesterolemia) (5)男性女乳症(gynecomastia),睪丸萎縮症(testicular atrophy) (應選出所有正確答案)
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A. | (1)+(2)+(3) |
B. | (2)+(3)+(4) |
C. | (3)+(4)+(5) |
D. | (1)+(2)+(4)+(5) |
E. | (1)+(2)+(3)+(4)+(5) |
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(D) | 10. |
惡性骨肉瘤(osteosarcoma)佔了近半數(約45%)的骨骼肉瘤(sarcoma),隨著治療學的進步,已有超過約80%病人可以達成肢體保全手術(limb-sparing surgery)的目的,使用術前/術後的化學治療時,對惡性骨肉瘤敏感(chemosensitive)的化療藥物,包括下列何者?(應選出所有正確答案) (1)doxorubicin (2)cisplatin (3)ifosfamide (4)高劑量methotrexate (5)以上皆非
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A. | (1)+(2) |
B. | (3)+(4) |
C. | (1)+(3)+(4) |
D. | (1)+(2)+(3)+(4) |
E. | (5) |
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